Differences in Annual Work Hours per Capita between the United States and Canada

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Abstract

This article decomposes differences in annual work hours per capita between the United States and Canada into average hours worked per employed person and the employment-to-population ratio, and adds a regional dimension comparing Ontario and Quebec. In 2001, Canada’s work hours per capita were 94 per cent of the U.S. level — lower average hours per worker (91 per cent) partially offset by a higher employment-to-population ratio (103 per cent). The article examines why the average work year is shorter in Canada and explores the implications for living standards, finding that Ontario’s living standards were closer to the U.S. level than Quebec’s largely due to higher hours worked and employment rates.

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