The Importance of Innovation for Productivity

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Abstract

This article examines the linkages between innovation, productivity growth, and real incomes across OECD countries and within Canadian and U.S. manufacturing industries. It identifies Canada’s innovation gap relative to the United States and other G-7 countries, reviewing key drivers of innovation including R&D spending, human capital, intellectual property protection, and openness to trade. The paper argues that innovation—broadly conceived as advances in products, processes, and organizational practices—is the primary driver of long-run productivity growth and income improvement, and examines the appropriate role of government policy in closing Canada’s innovation gap.

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