Future Productivity Growth in Canada: Comparing to the United States

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Abstract

This article reviews the sources of productivity growth in Canada and the United States in the second half of the 1990s and assesses prospects for future Canadian productivity growth. It finds that while output growth was stronger in Canada than the U.S. over 1996-2002, this reflected stronger labour input growth rather than productivity growth. Using growth accounting analysis, the article attributes the U.S. productivity resurgence primarily to ICT capital deepening and TFP gains in ICT-producing sectors, with Canada showing similar but more attenuated trends. The article also reviews broader determinants of productivity — human capital, R&D, competition policy, and regulatory environment — and identifies areas where Canada trails the United States.

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