--- canonical_url: "https://csls.ca/ipm-archive/ipm-issue-42/time-use-productivity-and-household-centric-measurement-of-welfare-in-the-digital-economy/" title: "Time Use, Productivity, and Household-centric Measurement of Welfare in the Digital Economy" author: name: "CSLS" url: "https://csls.ca/author/cslc/" date_published: "2026-07-13T08:02:04+00:00" date_modified: "2026-07-13T08:02:04+00:00" post_type: "ipm" summary: "" ipm_issue_period: - "Spring 2022" ipm_keyword: - "Cambridge" - "Coyle" - "digital economy" - "Federal Reserve Philadelphia" - "GDP" - "household production" - "measurement" - "Nakamura" - "productivity" - "time use" - "welfare" - "well-being" ipm_research_theme: - "Well-being and living standards" ipm_country_focus: - "International" - "United Kingdom" - "United States" featured_image: "https://csls.ca/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/IPM_50_banner.webp" status: "publish" --- # Time Use, Productivity, and Household-centric Measurement of Welfare in the Digital Economy Canonical URL: https://csls.ca/ipm-archive/ipm-issue-42/time-use-productivity-and-household-centric-measurement-of-welfare-in-the-digital-economy/ # Time Use, Productivity, and Household-centric Measurement of Welfare in the Digital Economy [Download full PDF article](https://csls.ca/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/IPM-Issue-42-8-Coyle-Nakamura.pdf) Cite this article × Cite this article as: Coyle, Diane, and Leonard Nakamura. 2022. “Time Use, Productivity, and Household-centric Measurement of Welfare in the Digital Economy.” International Productivity Monitor, No. 42 (Spring 2022): 165–186. https://www.csls.ca/ipm-archive/ipm-issue-42/time-use-productivity-and-household-centric-measurement-of-welfare-in-the-digital-economy/ ## Authors: - Diane Coyle University of Cambridge - Leonard Nakamura Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia ## IPM Issue 42 Spring 2022 pp. 165–186 ## Related IPM articles [Is the SNA Still Useful? 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Market and household production and leisure now all involve substantial time online. This article describes a measurement framework that would encompass extended utility combining time allocation — over working for pay, producing at home, and leisure — with monetary measures of objective or subjective well-being during each activity and new ways of measuring productivity in digitalized activities. Implementation would require time use statistics in addition to well-being data and direct survey evidence on the shadow price of time. We advocate an experimental set of time and well-being accounts and discuss their data requirements. Il existe un intérêt substantiel pour développer une compréhension plus large du progrès économique que l’indicateur standard, le PIB réel, notamment parce que la technologie numérique modifie considérablement à la fois la production dans les limites du PIB et l’activité des ménages en dehors de ces limites. La production marchande et domestique et les loisirs impliquent désormais tous un temps considérable en ligne. Cet article décrit un cadre de mesure qui engloberait l’utilité étendue combinant l’allocation du temps — entre le travail rémunéré, la production domestique et les loisirs — avec des mesures monétaires du bien-être objectif ou subjectif pendant chaque activité et de nouvelles façons de mesurer la productivité dans les activités numérisées. [Download full PDF](https://csls.ca/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/IPM-Issue-42-8-Coyle-Nakamura.pdf)