--- canonical_url: "https://csls.ca/ipm-archive/ipm-issue-22/industrial-structural-change-and-the-post-2000-output-and-productivity-growth-slowdown-a-canada-u-s-comparison/" title: "Industrial Structural Change and the Post-2000 Output and Productivity Growth Slowdown: A Canada-U.S. Comparison" author: name: "CSLS" url: "https://csls.ca/author/cslc/" date_published: "2026-07-13T07:33:44+00:00" date_modified: "2026-07-13T07:33:44+00:00" post_type: "ipm" summary: "" ipm_issue_period: - "Fall 2011" ipm_keyword: - "business sector" - "Canada" - "chain Fisher index" - "decomposition" - "industrial structure" - "labour productivity" - "productivity" - "real GDP" - "United States" ipm_research_theme: - "Productivity trends and comparisons" ipm_country_focus: - "Canada" - "United States" featured_image: "https://csls.ca/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/IPM_50_banner.webp" status: "publish" --- # Industrial Structural Change and the Post-2000 Output and Productivity Growth Slowdown: A Canada-U.S. Comparison Canonical URL: https://csls.ca/ipm-archive/ipm-issue-22/industrial-structural-change-and-the-post-2000-output-and-productivity-growth-slowdown-a-canada-u-s-comparison/ # Industrial Structural Change and the Post-2000 Output and Productivity Growth Slowdown: A Canada-U.S. Comparison [Download full PDF article](https://csls.ca/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/IPM-Issue-22-4-Almon-Tang.pdf) Cite this article × Cite this article as: Almon, Michael-John, and Jianmin Tang. 2011. “Industrial Structural Change and the Post-2000 Output and Productivity Growth Slowdown: A Canada-U.S. Comparison.” International Productivity Monitor, No. 22 (Fall 2011): 44–81. https://www.csls.ca/ipm-archive/ipm-issue-22/industrial-structural-change-and-the-post-2000-output-and-productivity-growth-slowdown-a-canada-u-s-comparison/ ## Authors: - Michael-John Almon Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada - Jianmin Tang Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada ## IPM Issue 22 Fall 2011 pp. 44–81 ## Related IPM articles [Labour Productivity as a Measure of Technological Change Ulrich Kohli Fall 2025 | IPM Issue 49 | pp. 64–81](https://csls.ca/ipm-archive/ipm-issue-49/labour-productivity-as-a-measure-of-technological-change/) [The Relationship between Efficiencies Defenses for Mergers and TFP Growth Robin Shaban Fall 2025 | IPM Issue 49 | pp. 82–102](https://csls.ca/ipm-archive/ipm-issue-49/the-relationship-between-efficiencies-defenses-for-mergers-and-tfp-growth/) [Adult Skills and Productivity: New Evidence from PIAAC 2023 Dan Andrews, Balázs Égert, Christine de La Maisonneuve Fall 2025 | IPM Issue 49 | pp. 41–63](https://csls.ca/ipm-archive/ipm-issue-49/adult-skills-and-productivity-new-evidence-from-piaac-2023/) [Appendix: Variable Definitions and Country/Sector Coverage for Regulatory Reform Analysis Gilbert Cette, Jimmy Lopez, Giuseppe Nicoletti, Océane Vernerey Fall 2025 | IPM Issue 49 | pp. 1–18](https://csls.ca/ipm-archive/ipm-issue-49/appendix-variable-definitions-and-country-sector-coverage-for-regulatory-reform-analysis/) [The Potential Impact of Pro-competitive Regulatory Reforms on Productivity and Growth in Canada Gilbert Cette, Jimmy Lopez, Giuseppe Nicoletti, Océane Vernerey Fall 2025 | IPM Issue 49 | pp. 3–40](https://csls.ca/ipm-archive/ipm-issue-49/the-potential-impact-of-pro-competitive-regulatory-reforms-on-productivity-and-growth-in-canada/) [IPM Issue 49 Editors’ Overview Andrew Sharpe, Bart van Ark, Paul Schreyer Fall 2025 | IPM Issue 49 | pp. 1–2](https://csls.ca/ipm-archive/ipm-issue-49/) [De-industrialization and the Great Productivity Slowdown: What Comes Next? Paul Fisher Spring 2025 | IPM Issue 48 | pp. 115–138](https://csls.ca/ipm-archive/ipm-issue-48/de-industrialization-and-the-great-productivity-slowdown-what-comes-next/) [Appendix: UK Productivity Growth Rates Across Data Vintages and Studies Josh Martin Spring 2025 | IPM Issue 48 | pp. 65–73](https://csls.ca/ipm-archive/ipm-issue-48/appendix-uk-productivity-growth-rates-across-data-vintages-and-studies/) [Opportunities and Risks of Artificial Intelligence for Productivity Francesco Filippucci, Peter Gal, Katharina Laengle, Matthias Schief, Filiz Unsal Spring 2025 | IPM Issue 48 | pp. 1–26](https://csls.ca/ipm-archive/ipm-issue-48/opportunities-and-risks-of-artificial-intelligence-for-productivity/) [Using Ecosystem Accounting to Integrate the Environment in Measures of Multifactor Productivity Carl Obst Fall 2024 | IPM Issue 47 | pp. 87–108](https://csls.ca/ipm-archive/ipm-issue-47/using-ecosystem-accounting-to-integrate-the-environment-in-measures-of-multifactor-productivity/) ## Abstract ## Résumé EN FR Copy link Email LinkedIn Changing foreign and domestic supply and demand conditions have resulted in shifting industrial structures in the Canadian and U.S. economies. This article examines the contribution of individual industries to real GDP and labour productivity growth in the business sector in 1987-2000 and 2000-2008 in the two countries. It highlights the differences that have emerged through a new decomposition technique that is able to decompose real GDP expressed in chained dollars instead of constant dollars. The contribution of each industry is further decomposed in order to identify the role of quantity and price effects in real economic growth and pure productivity and shift effects in the case of labour productivity. This decomposition is able to more precisely identify the sectors and the underlying forces that have either propelled or hindered economic and productivity growth. RÉSUMÉ L’évolution de la situation de l’offre et de la demande au Canada et à l’étranger a entraîné des changements dans la structure industrielle des économies canadienne et américaine. Cet article présente le calcul de la contribution d’industries particulières à la croissance du PIB réel et de la productivité du travail dans le secteur des entreprises au Canada et aux ÉtatsUnis pour les périodes de 1987 à 2000 et de 2000 à 2008 au moyen d’une nouvelle technique de décomposition. Cette technique fait appel aux dollars enchaînés plutôt qu’aux dollars constants pour estimer le PIB réel. La contribution de chaque industrie au PIB réel se décompose ensuite selon la quantité et les répercussions sur les prix et leur contribution à la croissance de la productivité se décompose selon la pure productivité et les répercussions sur les changements. Cette technique permet de cerner précisément les secteurs et les forces sous-jacentes ayant alimenté ou freiné la croissance de l’économie et de la productivité. THE INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE of the Canadian L’évolution des conditions d’offre et de demande, tant étrangères qu’intérieures, a entraîné des modifications de la structure industrielle dans les économies canadienne et américaine. Cet article examine la contribution des industries individuelles à la croissance du PIB réel et de la productivité du travail dans le secteur des entreprises en 1987-2000 et en 2000-2008 dans les deux pays. Il met en évidence les différences qui ont émergé grâce à une nouvelle technique de décomposition capable de décomposer le PIB réel exprimé en dollars enchaînés plutôt qu’en dollars constants. La contribution de chaque industrie est en outre décomposée afin de cerner le rôle des effets de quantité et de prix dans la croissance économique réelle, et des effets de productivité pure et de réaffectation dans le cas de la productivité du travail. [Download full PDF](https://csls.ca/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/IPM-Issue-22-4-Almon-Tang.pdf)